![]() ![]() The study didn’t look at whether people got COVID-19, so it’s not possible to say that they were better protected against disease after their boosters. Up to 1 month after the booster shots, no other serious problems were seen. The other experienced an inflamed gallbladder. One experienced kidney failure after their muscles broke down after a fall. Two study participants had serious medical problems during the study, but they were judged to be unrelated to vaccination. None had a prior coronavirus infection.Ībout 50 participants from each vaccine group were randomly assigned to get a third, booster dose of either the same vaccine as the one they’d already had, or a different vaccine, creating nine possible combinations of shots.Ībout half of study participants reported mild side effects, including pain at the injection site, fatigue, headache, and muscle aches. Everyone in the study had finished their primary series at least 12 weeks before starting the study. The study included 458 participants at 10 study sites around the country who had been fully vaccinated with one of the three COVID-19 vaccines authorized for use in the US - made by Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, or Pfizer-BioNTech.Ībout 150 study participants were recruited from each group. The study will continue for a year, and the researchers aim to deeply study the breadth and depth of the immune response to all nine of the different vaccine combinations included in the study. He noted that these are just the first results. “We got this data out because we knew VRBPAC was coming and we knew ACIP was going to grapple with these issues,” Beigel says. The FDA’s panel is the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC), and the CDC’s is the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).ĭuring the pandemic, they have been meeting almost in lock step to tackle important vaccine-related questions. These experts are tasked with trying to figure out whether additional shots of Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccines are safe and effective for boosting immunity against COVID-19. The preprint study was published late Wednesday in medRxiv ahead of peer review, just before a slate of meetings of vaccine experts that advise the FDA and CDC. “It is a broader stimulation of the immune system, and I think that broader stimulation is advantageous,” he says. Shaffner said if the FDA and CDCsign off on the approach, he would especially recommend that people who got the Johnson & Johnson vaccine follow up with a dose of an mRNA vaccine from Pfizer or Moderna. “The antibody responses are so much higher, it’s really impressive,” says William Schaffner, MD, an infectious disease specialist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, who was not involved in the study. Studies have suggested that higher antibody levels translate into better protection against disease, though the exact level that offers protection is not yet known. “But we needed to have the data,” he says. And we were hoping that that was the same, that we would be able to boost regardless of what you had,” says the study’s senior author, John Beigel, MD, who is associate director for clinical research in the Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health. “Currently when you go to do your flu shot nobody asks you what kind you had last year. ![]() If regulators endorse the study findings, it should make getting a COVID-19 booster as easy as getting a yearly flu vaccine. The study also shows mixing different kinds of vaccines appears to spur the body to make higher levels of virus-blocking antibodies than they would have gotten by boosting with a dose of the vaccine they’d already had. ![]() government study shows it isn’t risky and may even be a good idea to mix, rather than match, COVID-19 vaccines when getting a booster shot. ![]()
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